GRADE 12 SCIENCE · CHAPTER 4
Forces, energy & waves
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Momentum
Conserve momentum in a one-dimensional model
Use signed momentum and a stated negligible external impulse to calculate a joined system’s final velocity.
AN EXAMPLE FROM THIS CHAPTER
A 2 kg cart at +6 m/s sticks to a stationary 4 kg cart. External impulse is negligible. What is their shared final velocity?
Show answer & explanation
2 m/s
Initial momentum = 2 × 6 = 12 kg·m/s; combined mass = 6 kg; v = 12 ÷ 6 = +2 m/s.
Curriculum & source notes
These are original Little Play study books organized around U.S. school topics. The official curriculum references below guide topic scope and progression. Coverage is selected, not a complete curriculum or a verified match to every state standard. They are not copies of a publisher’s textbook. Check your school’s syllabus and book edition.
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