LET’S TRY ONE
An invented charter says the council approves budgets and the manager spends only approved funds. Who has the stated budget-approval role?
The council
The charter explicitly assigns approval to the council.
Learning steps & teaching tips
Use an explicitly supplied institutional charter to distinguish authority, implementation and accountability without importing a real jurisdiction's law.
- Identify which body the stated rule gives a task.
- Compare the action with that specific authority.
- Distinguish following a procedure from agreeing with its outcome.
Try it together
Write a short imaginary club charter assigning proposal, approval and audit roles to different groups. Test a sample decision against each rule.
Apply only the rule written in the scenario; do not assume another place has the same institutions.